{"id":339,"date":"2024-08-27T11:50:30","date_gmt":"2024-08-27T15:50:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/businessagility.education\/blog\/?p=339"},"modified":"2024-08-27T12:36:27","modified_gmt":"2024-08-27T16:36:27","slug":"project-management-history","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/businessagility.education\/blog\/zh\/project-management-history\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u6b77\u53f2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6458\u8981\uff1a\u95dc\u65bc\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u5c0e\u5411\u6587\u7ae0\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u4e00\u9580\u73fe\u4ee3\u5b78\u79d1\uff0c\u5176\u6839\u6e90\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u53e4\u4ee3\u3002\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u53d7\u5230\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u52aa\u529b\u3001\u79d1\u5b78\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c08\u696d\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u6280\u8853\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u5305\u62ec\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u548c\u9577\u57ce\u7684\u5efa\u9020\u3001\u5f17\u96f7\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u00b7\u6cf0\u52d2\u548c\u4ea8\u5229\u00b7\u7518\u7279\u5f15\u5165\u79d1\u5b78\u7ba1\u7406\u300120\u4e16\u7d0050\u5e74\u4ee3\u95dc\u9375\u8def\u5f91\u6cd5\uff08CPM\uff09\u548c\u9805\u76ee\u8a55\u4f30\u548c\u5be9\u67e5\u6280\u8853\uff08PERT\uff09\u7684\u5275\u5efa\u4ee5\u53ca\u5efa\u7acb\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u9805\u76ee\u7ba1\u7406\u6a5f\u69cb\uff0c\u5982\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u5354\u6703\uff08PMI\uff09\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u8de8\u884c\u696d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5b78\u79d1\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u6280\u8853\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u9032\u6b65\u800c\u4e0d\u65b7\u767c\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-tiktok wp-block-embed-tiktok\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"tiktok-embed\" cite=\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@agilemarketing\/video\/7407856692215565573\" data-video-id=\"7407856692215565573\" data-embed-from=\"oembed\" style=\"max-width:605px; min-width:325px;\"> <section> <a target=\"_blank\" title=\"@\u654f\u6377\u884c\u92b7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@agilemarketing?refer=embed\">@\u654f\u6377\u884c\u92b7<\/a> <p>\u5f9e\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u5230\u654f\u6377\u7684\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u53f2 <a title=\"\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u6b77\u53f2\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/tag\/projectmanagementhistory?refer=embed\">#\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u6b77\u53f2<\/a><\/p> <a target=\"_blank\" title=\"\u266c \u539f\u8072 - Thomas Hormaza Dow \u6559\u6388 - Thomas Hormaza Dow \u6559\u6388\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/music\/original-sound-Professor-Thomas-Hormaza-Dow-7407856819665570566?refer=embed\">\u266c \u539f\u8072 \u2013 Thomas Hormaza Dow \u6559\u6388 \u2013 Thomas Hormaza Dow \u6559\u6388<\/a> <\/section> <\/blockquote> <script async src=\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/embed.js\"><\/script>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406 TikTok \u8b1b\u89e3\u54e1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u7c21\u53f2\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u53e4\u4ee3\u57fa\u790e\uff1a<\/strong> \u5f9e\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u8b1b\uff0c\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u81ea\u53e4\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u958b\u5c55\u91cd\u5927\u5c08\u6848\u4ee5\u4f86\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u5be6\u8e10\u3002\u5409\u85a9\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u3001\u4e2d\u570b\u9577\u57ce\u548c\u7f85\u99ac\u7af6\u6280\u5834\u7684\u5efa\u9020\u662f\u65e9\u671f\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u9f90\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u5468\u8a73\u7684\u898f\u5283\u3001\u8cc7\u6e90\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5f8c\u52e4\u5354\u8abf\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u73fe\u4ee3\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u6a19\u8a8c\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u9019\u4e9b\u6642\u671f\u7684\u6587\u737b\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u660e\u986f\uff0c\u53e4\u4ee3\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u548c\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u63a1\u7528\u7cfb\u7d71\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f86\u7ba1\u7406\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u9805\u76ee\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u5145\u7576\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u5c08\u6848\u7d93\u7406\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>19\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff1a<\/strong> \u53d7\u5927\u578b\u5de5\u696d\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u5c08\u6848\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u7684\u63a8\u52d5\uff0c\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u9580\u7368\u7279\u5b78\u79d1\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u5316\u59cb\u65bc 19 \u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u3002 1860 \u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u6a6b\u8cab\u5927\u9678\u9435\u8def\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u6642\u523b\u3002\u8a72\u5c08\u6848\u9700\u8981\u5354\u8abf\u6578\u5343\u540d\u5de5\u4eba\u548c\u5927\u91cf\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u65e9\u671f\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f17\u96f7\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u00b7\u6cf0\u52d2\uff08Frederick Taylor\uff0c1856-1915\uff09\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u79d1\u5b78\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5b83\u5f8c\u4f86\u6210\u70ba\u73fe\u4ee3\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u6cf0\u52d2\u7684\u6642\u9593\u548c\u904b\u52d5\u7814\u7a76\u8457\u91cd\u65bc\u900f\u904e\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u548c\u512a\u5316\u4efb\u52d9\u4f86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u4ea8\u5229\u00b7\u7518\u7279\uff08Henry Gantt\uff0c1861-1919 \u5e74\uff09\u900f\u904e\u5275\u5efa\u7518\u7279\u5716\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63a8\u9032\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u7518\u7279\u5716\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u662f\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u7518\u7279\u5716\u4f7f\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u54e1\u80fd\u5920\u8ffd\u8e64\u9032\u5ea6\u3001\u5206\u914d\u8cc7\u6e90\u4e26\u8b58\u5225\u4efb\u52d9\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4f9d\u8cf4\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u66f4\u8f15\u9b06\u5730\u898f\u5283\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5c08\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>20 \u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\u8449\uff1a\u73fe\u4ee3\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u8a95\u751f\uff1a<\/strong> \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u7ba1\u7406\u65e5\u76ca\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5c08\u6848\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c20 \u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\u8449\u898b\u8b49\u4e86\u73fe\u4ee3\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u8a95\u751f\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u6d77\u8ecd\u5317\u6975\u661f\u98db\u5f48\u8a08\u756b\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86 1958 \u5e74\u8a08\u756b\u8a55\u4f30\u548c\u5be9\u67e5\u6280\u8853 (PERT) \u7684\u5275\u5efa\u3002 \u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5927\u7d04\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u675c\u90a6\u516c\u53f8\u958b\u767c\u4e86\u95dc\u9375\u8def\u5f91\u65b9\u6cd5 (CPM)\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5ee0\u7dad\u8b77\u5c08\u6848\u3002 CPM \u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5c08\u6848\u6392\u7a0b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u91cd\u9ede\u5728\u65bc\u78ba\u5b9a\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5c08\u6848\u7e3d\u6301\u7e8c\u6642\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u4efb\u52d9\u7684\u9806\u5e8f\u3002 PERT \u548c CPM \u90fd\u6210\u70ba\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f7f\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u54e1\u80fd\u5920\u63a7\u5236\u5c08\u6848\u6642\u9593\u8868\u4e26\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5206\u914d\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1960 \u5e74\u4ee3\u81f3 1980 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff1a\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u8207\u6280\u8853\u9032\u6b65\uff1a<\/strong> 1960\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u958b\u59cb\u5728\u5404\u884c\u696d\u5ee3\u53d7\u8a8d\u53ef\u3002\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u5354\u6703 (PMI) \u6210\u7acb\u65bc 1969 \u5e74\uff0c\u6a19\u8a8c\u8457\u8a72\u5b78\u79d1\u5c08\u696d\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u3002 PMI \u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u77e5\u8b58\u9ad4\u7cfb (PMBOK)\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u5be6\u52d9\u548c\u8853\u8a9e\u7684\u7d9c\u5408\u6307\u5357\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>20 \u4e16\u7d00 70 \u5e74\u4ee3\u548c 80 \u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u986f\u8457\u6280\u8853\u9032\u6b65\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u500b\u4eba\u96fb\u8166\u548c\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u8edf\u9ad4\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u4f7f\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u54e1\u80fd\u5920\u8655\u7406\u65e5\u76ca\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u548c\u5c08\u6848\u7d30\u7bc0\u3002 Microsoft Project \u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u958b\u59cb\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u5c08\u6848\u9032\u5ea6\u8868\u3001\u8cc7\u6e90\u898f\u5283\u548c\u6210\u672c\u4f30\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5de5\u4f5c\u5206\u89e3\u7d50\u69cb\uff08WBS\uff09\u548c\u9650\u5236\u7406\u8ad6\uff08TOC\uff09\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7d44\u7e54\u5c08\u6848\u4efb\u52d9\u7684\u5c64\u6b21\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u8b58\u5225\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6700\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u5c08\u6848\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>20 \u4e16\u7d00 90 \u5e74\u4ee3\u81f3\u4eca\uff1a\u654f\u6377\u8207\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u8208\u8d77\uff1a<\/strong> 1990 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u8208\u8d77\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u8edf\u9ad4\u958b\u767c\u884c\u696d\u3002\u654f\u6377\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u5f37\u8abf\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u3001\u5354\u4f5c\u548c\u8fed\u4ee3\u958b\u767c\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u5c0d\u50b3\u7d71\u7dda\u6027\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u9650\u5236\u7684\u56de\u61c9\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u6b61\u8fce\u3002 Scrum \u548c\u6975\u9650\u7de8\u7a0b (XP) \u7b49\u6846\u67b6\u5df2\u5ee3\u6cdb\u63a1\u7528\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5feb\u901f\u8b8a\u5316\u548c\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5168\u7403\u5316\u548c\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u4e5f\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86 20 \u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u548c 21 \u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u7684\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u5c08\u6848\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5206\u4f48\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u9ede\u548c\u6642\u5340\u7684\u5718\u968a\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u8f49\u8b8a\u9700\u8981\u958b\u767c\u65b0\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u6280\u8853\u4f86\u7ba1\u7406\u5730\u7406\u5206\u6563\u7684\u5718\u968a\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\u3001\u5354\u4f5c\u548c\u5354\u8abf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u65b7\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u898f\u5283\u3001\u654f\u6377\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u548c\u6578\u64da\u9a45\u52d5\u7684\u6c7a\u7b56\u7b49\u8da8\u52e2\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u666e\u904d\u3002\u91cd\u9ede\u5df2\u8f49\u5411\u5be6\u73fe\u5c08\u6848\u6210\u679c\u548c\u696d\u52d9\u76ee\u6a19\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u5354\u8abf\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u5c08\u6848\u4e0d\u50c5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7522\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u63d0\u4f9b\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u6548\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u56de\u9867\uff1a<\/strong> \u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u65b7\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u5176\u9a45\u52d5\u529b\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u66f4\u8907\u96dc\u548c\u96c4\u5fc3\u52c3\u52c3\u7684\u5c08\u6848\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5f9e\u53e4\u4ee3\u5947\u8e5f\u7684\u5efa\u9020\u5230\u73fe\u4ee3\u6280\u8853\u5947\u8e5f\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u5728\u5c07\u60f3\u6cd5\u8b8a\u70ba\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u4e86\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u8a72\u5b78\u79d1\u4e0d\u65b7\u767c\u5c55\u4e26\u9069\u61c9\u65b0\u7684\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u7d44\u7e54\u5728\u65e5\u76ca\u8907\u96dc\u548c\u7af6\u722d\u65e5\u76ca\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u52aa\u529b\u5be6\u73fe\u5176\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u897f\u6469\uff0cT. \u548c\u4faf\u8cfd\u56e0\uff0cS. (2014)\u3002\u5c08\u6848\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u570b\u969b\u7ba1\u7406\u8207\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7cfb\u7d71\u671f\u520a\uff08\u7dda\u4e0a\uff09<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>18<\/em>(4), 233-240.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a 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